It’s never
easy getting your head round all the prepositions, especially
as usage isn’t always identical as in English. Here we
take a look at the more common prepositions that you’re
likely to meet in everyday conversation. Note that some prepositions
cause mutation of the following word - this will be denoted
by [sm] for Soft Mutation, [nm] for Nasal Mutation, and [am]
for Aspirate Mutation.
By the way, an easy way to remember which prepositions take
Soft Mutations is to memorise this little poem:
am ar at gan
heb i o dan
dros trwy wrth hyd
| about |
|
| -
approximately |
= tua [am] |
| -
concerning |
=
am [sm] |
|
=
yngly^n â [sm] |
|
=
ynghylch |
| -
around |
=
o gwmpas |
|
=
o angylch |
| -
about to (do something) |
=
ar fin |
|
=
ar |
| |
|
| as |
|
| -
general usage |
=
fel |
| e.g.
she has a job as a secretary |
|
| -
when, in the form of |
=
yn |
| e.g.
he lived in Abertawe as a teenager |
|
| she
bought the plant as a present |
|
| |
|
| at |
|
| -
location |
=
yn [nm] cf. 'in' |
| -
beside |
=
wrth |
| -
time |
=
am [sm] |
| -
age |
=
yn [sm] |
| |
|
| by |
|
| -
location |
=
wrth |
|
=
wrth ochor |
|
=
wrth ochr |
|
=
wrth ymyl |
| -
past |
=
heibio |
| -
by (someone or something) |
=
gan |
| -
by means of |
=
â [nm] |
| -
author, etc. |
=
gan |
| -
method |
=
drwy [sm] |
|
=
tryw [sm] |
| -
transportation |
=
ar [sm] |
|
=
gyda [nm] |
| -
time |
=
erbyn |
| |
|
| for |
|
| -
general usage |
=
i [sm] (in the sense of something received) |
|
=
ar gyfer (in the sense of 'for the benefit of') |
| -
in favour of |
=
o blaid |
| -
on behalf of |
=
dros [sm] |
| -
at a future time |
=
am [sm] |
| -
at some past time |
=
ers |
| -in
exchange for |
=
am [sm] |
| -
in preparation for |
=
at [ sm] |
|
=
ar gyfer |
| |
|
| from |
|
| -
direction |
=
o [sm] |
| -
in letters |
=
oddi wrth [sm] |
|
=
oddiwrth [sm] |
| -
from on top of something |
=
oddiar [sm] |
|
=
oddi ar [sm] |
| -
receipt of money, etc |
=
gan |
| -
with words like 'prevent', 'stop' |
=
rhag |
| |
|
| in |
|
| -
specific |
=
yn [nm] |
| -
non-specific |
=
mewn |
| -
at the end of a period of time |
=
ymhen |
| |
|
| of |
|
| -
genitive phrases, e.g. top of the mountain |
=
not translated |
| -
quantity |
=
o [sm] |
| -
in singling something out |
=
o [sm] |
| -
about, concerning |
=
am |
| |
|
| on
|
|
| -
location |
=
ar [sm] |
| -
talking about transport |
=
ar [sm] |
| -
in media, e.g. television |
=
ar [sm] |
| -
about |
=
am [sm] |
| -
time |
=
ar [sm] |
| |
|
| over |
|
| -
location or motion |
=
dros |
| -
in excess of |
=
dros |
| -
during |
=
yn ystod |
|
=
dros |
| -
above |
=
uwchben |
| -
covering |
=
dros |
| |
|
| to
|
|
| -
general usages |
=
i [sm] |
| -
in telling the time |
=
i [sm] |
| -
writing or sending something to someone = at [sm] |
|
| -
with some verbs/adjectives |
=
wrth |
| -
towards |
=
tua [nm] |
| -
with verbnouns implying purpose |
=
i [sm] |
| -
in order to |
=
er mwyn |
| -
with verbnouns implying instruction |
=
am [sm] |
| -
with infinitives |
=
not translated |
| |
|
| under |
|
| -
location |
=
dan [sm] |
|
=
o dan [sm] |
| -
less than |
=
llai na [nm] |
| |
|
| with |
|
| -
general usage |
=
gyda (= 'da) [am] |
|
=
efo (Northern variant) |
| -
by means of |
=
â [am] |
| -
because of |
=
gan [sm] |
| -
against |
=
yn erbyn |
| -
to be ... with someone |
=
wrth [sm] |
