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prepositions - part 2

As we're at it... here are the rest!

aboard  
- general usage = ar [sm]
  = ar fwrdd
   
above  
- physically above something = uwchben
  = uwchlaw
- previously (in a letter, etc) = uchod
   
according to  
- general usage = yn ôl
  = chadal (colloquial)
   
across  
- general usage = ar draws
  = dros [sm]
   
after  
- general usage = ar ôl
  = wedi (more formal)
   
against  
- opposing = yn erbyn
- contrary to = yn groes i [sm]
- next to = wrth [sm]
   
ago  
- general usage = yn ôl
note that the time phrase precedes, and undergoes soft mutation, e.g. 'funud yn ôl', a minute ago.
   
ahead (or in front of)  
- general usage = o flaen
   
along  
- general usage = ar hyd
   
among(st)  
- general usage = ymhlith
  = ymysg (not so common)
   
apart from  
- general usage = heblaw ('blaw)
  = ar wahân i [sm]
  = ac eithro
   
around  
- location = o amgylch
  = o gwmpas
- appoximately = tua [am]
   
because of  
- general usage = oherwydd
  = o achos
   
before  
- time = cyn
- in front of = o flaen
   
behind  
- general usage = tu cefn i [sm]
  = tu ôl i [sm]
   
below  
- underneath = dan [sm]
  = o dan [sm]
   
beneath  
- general usage = dan [sm]
  = o dan [sm]
   
beside  
- general usage = wrth ochor
  = wrth ochr
  = wrth ymyl
  = yn ymyl
  = ar bwys (Southern variant)
- geographically = ar lan
   
between  
- general usage = rhwng
   
beyond  
- general usage = tu hwnt i [sm]
  = tu draw i [sm]
   
despite  
- general usage = er gwaetha(f)
   
during  
- general usage = yn ystod
   
except  
- general usage = heblaw ('blaw)
  = ac eithrio
  = ar wahân i [sm]
   
following  
- general usage = yn sgîl
   
including  
- general usage = gan gynnwys
   
inside  
- general usage = tu fewn i [sm]
  = tu mewn i [sm]
   
into  
- general usage = i [sm]
- implying motion = i mewn i [sm]
   
like  
- general usage = fel
   
minus  
- subtraction (e.g. 6-4=2) = namyn
- negative numbers (e.g. -60°) = minws
- without = heb [sm]
   
near  
- general usage = yn agos i [sm]
  = yn ymyl
  = gerllaw
  = ar bwys (Southern variation)
- geographically = ger
   
onto  
- general usage = ar [sm]
   
opposite  
- general usage = gyferbyn â [nm]
  = gyferbyn i [sm]
   
outside  
- general usage = tu allan i [sm]
- in front of = o flaen
   
past  
- motion = heibio i [sm]
- in telling the time = wedi
   
per  
- general usage = y, yr, 'r
   
plus  
- addition (e.g. 4+4=8) = â [nm]
- positive numbers (e.g. +25°) = plws
   
regarding  
- general usage = ynghylch
  = yngly+n â
   
round  
- general usage = o gwmpas
  = o amgylch
  = am (occasionally used)
   
since  
- general usage = ers
   
than  
- general usage = na [nm], nag (before vowels)
   
through  
- general usage = drwy [sm], trwy [sm] (written form)
   
throughout  
- general usage = drwy [sm], trwy [sm] (written form)
- time = drwy [sm], trwy [sm] (written form)
- space = ledled
   
till  
- general usage = tan
  = hyd (especially with specific times)
   
towards  
- general usage = tuag at [sm]
  = tua [nm]
-time, at about = tua [nm]
- in attitude to someone = wrth [sm]
   
underneath  
- general usage = dan [sm]
  = o dan [sm]
   
until  
- general usage = hyd [sm]
  = tan [sm]
   
up  
- general usage = i fyny (Northern variant)
  = lan (Southern variant)
   
up to  
- general usage = hyd at [sm]
   
versus  
- general usage = yn erbyn
   
within  
- location = tu fewn i [sm]
  = tu mewn i [sm]
- time = o fewn
  = cyn pen
- distance = o fewn
   
without  
- general usage = heb [sm]

get the text document

     

© suw charman 2002, 2003 unless otherwise stated

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