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Medrwn … fod wedi – I could have (N)

There are two ways of saying could have in Welsh, using gallwn (south) and medrwn (north). It’s best to be aware of both, and let local usage dictate which one you use.

Use wedi, not yn. Verbnouns such as gweld, to see, and the negative particle dim do not take soft mutation after wedi. Medrwn is sometimes used with the affirmative particle mi which does cause soft mutation.

Affirmative

EnglishWelshAlternativeExamples
I could havemedrwn i fod wedimi fedrwn i fod wedimedrwn i fod wedi gweld
you could havemedret ti fod wedimi fedret ti fod wedimedret ti fod wedi gweld
he could havemedrai fo fod wedimi fedrai fo fod wedimedrai fo fod wedi gweld
she could havemedrai hi fod wedimi fedrai hi fod wedimedrai hi fod wedi gweld
Carys could havemedrai Carys fod wedimi fedrai Carys fod wedimedrai Carys fod wedi gweld
the girls could havemedrai’r merched fod wedimi fedrai’r merched fod wedimedrai’r merched fod wedi gweld
we could havemedren ni fod wedimi fedren ni fod wedimedren ni fod wedi gweld
you could havemedrech chi fod wedimi fedrech chi fod wedimedrech chi fod wedi gweld
they could havemedren nhw fod wedimi fedren nhw fod wedimedren nhw fod wedi gweld

Interrogative

EnglishWelshAlternativeExamples
could I have?fedrwn i fod wedi?fedrwn i fod wedi gweld?
could you have?fedret ti fod wedi?fedret ti fod wedi gweld?
could he have?fedrai fo fod wedi?fedrai fo fod wedi gweld?
could she have?fedrai hi fod wedi?fedrai hi fod wedi gweld?
could Carys have?fedrai Carys fod wedi?fedrai Carys fod wedi gweld?
could the girls have?fedrai’r merched fod wedi?fedrai’r merched fod wedi gweld?
could we have?fedren ni fod wedi?fedren ni fod wedi gweld?
could you have?fedrech chi fod wedi?fedrech chi fod wedi gweld?
could they have?fedren nhw fod wedi?fedren nhw fod wedi gweld?

Negative

EnglishWelshAlternativeExamples
I could not havefedrwn i ddim bod wedifedrwn i ddim bod wedi gweld
you could not havefedret ti ddim bod wedifedret ti ddim bod wedi gweld
he could not havefedrai fo ddim bod wedifedrai fo ddim bod wedi gweld
she could not havefedrai hi ddim bod wedifedrai hi ddim bod wedi gweld
Carys could not havefedrai Carys ddim bod wedifedrai Carys ddim bod wedi gweld
the girls could not havefedrai’r merched ddim bod wedifedrai’r merched ddim bod wedi gweld
we could not havefedren ni ddim bod wedifedren ni ddim bod wedi gweld
you could not havefedrech chi ddim bod wedifedrech chi ddim bod wedi gweld
they could not havefedren nhw ddim bod wedifedren nhw ddim bod wedi gweld
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