useful phrases - numerals There are two number systems in Welsh - the decimal system and the older vigesimal system. The decimal system is more commonly used now, although certain words from the older vigesimal system are still in common usage, especially when telling the time. Be thankful, though, that decimal is so popular, so you don't have to learn pedwar ar bymtheg ar bedwar hugain for ninety nine! Notes: * Use numbers 1 to 10 with singular noun, e.g. "tri dyn" (three men), or "naw coeden" (nine trees) * Use numbers 11 and over with 'o' and plural noun, e.g. "undeg naw o ddynion" (nineteen men) * One, two, three and four have masculine and feminine forms. Use the form that corresponds to the gender of the thing being counted, e.g. tri mab (three sons), tair ferch (three daughters), and remember to keep an eye on mutation * One has only one spelling, un, but causes soft mutation of feminine nouns * Two, dau (m) and dwy (f) always causes soft mutation of the following noun, e.g. dau fab, dwy ferch. When used with 'the', both versions themselves undergo soft mutatation, e.g. y ddau fab, y ddwy ferch * The masculine form of three, tri, causes aspirite mutation - this is more common in literary Welsh, but optional in speech. C is most likely to be mutated in speech, but p and t less so. Thus you may hear tri cheffyl (three horses) or tri ceffyl, but are unlikely to hear tri phaced (three packets). The feminine version, tair, causes no mutation * Four has masculine and feminine versions - pedwar and pedair - but neither cause mutation * Five, pump, drops its final p when followed directly by a noun, e.g. pum cath, (five cats), but pump o gathod * Six, chwech, drops its final ch when followed directly by a singular noun, and then causes aspirite mutation, e.g. chwe cheiniog (six pence). Again, p and t are not always mutated, and aspirate mutation is not consistently applied. The full length version is used for plural nouns, with a following o, or on it's own, e.g. chwech o afalau (six apples) * When you are talking about a group of things or people, then only use the feminine form when the whole group are feminine or female, e.g. dwy ohonoch chi means 'two of you (females)', whereas dau ohonoch chi could refer to a pair of males, or one male and one female. * Vigesimal numbers marked with an asterisk are still commonly in use cardinal numerals ordinals (1st, 2nd etc.) decimal system vigesimal system 0 dim 1 un (m), un (f, SM) cyntaf 1af 2 dau (m), dwy (f, SM) ail 2il 3 tri (m, AM), tair (f) trydydd (m), trydedd (f) 3ydd/3edd 4 pedwar (m), pedair (f) pedwerydd (m), pedwaredd (f) 4ydd/4edd 5 pump pumed 5ed 6 chwech chweched 6ed 7 saith seithfed 7ed 8 wyth wythfed 8fed 9 naw nawfed 9fed 10 deg degfed 10fed 11 undeg un un ar ddeg unfed ar ddeg 11eg 12 undeg dau deuddeg* deuddegfed 12fed 13 undeg tri tri ar ddeg trydydd ar ddeg 13eg 14 undeg pedwar pedwar ar ddeg pedwerydd ar ddeg 14eg 15 undeg pump pymtheg* pymthegfed 15fed 16 undeg chwech un ar bymtheg unfed ar bymtheg 16eg 17 undeg saith dau ar bymtheg ail ar bymtheg 17eg 18 undeg wyth deunaw deunawfed 18fed 19 undeg naw pedwar ar bymtheg pedwerydd ar bymtheg 19eg 20 dauddeg ugain* ugeinfed 20fed 21 dauddeg un un ar hugain unfed ar hugain 21ain 22 dauddeg dau dau ar hugain ail ar hugain 22ain 23 dauddeg tri tri ar hugain trydydd ar hugain 23ain 24 dauddeg pedwar pedwar ar hugain pedwerydd ar hugain 24ain 25 dauddeg pump pump ar hugain pumed ar hugain 25ain 26 dauddeg chwech chwech ar hugain chweched ar hugain 26ain 27 dauddeg saith saith ar hugain seithfed ar hugain 27ain 28 dauddeg wyth wyth ar hugain wythfed ar hugain 28ain 29 dauddeg naw naw ar hugain nawfed ar hugain 29ain 30 trideg deg ar hugain degfed ar hugain 30ain 31 trideg un un ar ddeg ar hugain unfed ar ddeg ar hugain 31ain 32 trideg dau deuddeg ar hugain after 31st, use either just the number or rhif plus the number, e.g. rhif pedwardeg tri - forty third. Traditional ordinals do exist and follow the same pattern as above, but aren't always used. Exceptions are hundredth, thousanth, millionth and billionth. 33 trideg tri tri ar ddeg ar hugain 34 trideg pedwar pedwar ar ddeg ar hugain 35 trideg pump pymtheg ar hugain 36 trideg chwech un ar bymtheg ar hugain 37 trideg saith dau ar bymtheg ar hugain 38 trideg wyth deunaw ar hugain 39 trideg naw pedwar ar bymtheg ar hugain 40 pedwardeg deugain 41 pedwardeg un un a deugain 42 pedwardeg dau dau a deugain 43 pedwardeg tri tri a deugain 44 pedwardeg pedwar pedwar a deugain 45 pedwardeg pump pump a deugain 46 pedwardeg chwech chwech a deugain 47 pedwardeg saith saith a deugain 48 pedwardeg wyth wyth a deugain 49 pedwardeg naw naw a deugain 50 pumdeg hanner cant 51 pumdeg un hanner cant ac un 52 pumdeg dau hanner cant a dau 53 pumdeg tri hanner cant a thri 54 pumdeg pedwar hanner cant a phedwar 55 pumdeg pump hanner cant a phump 56 pumdeg chwech hanner cant a chwech 57 pumdeg saith hanner cant a saith 58 pumdeg wyth hanner cant ac wyth 59 pumdeg naw hanner cant a naw 60 chwedeg trigain 61 chwedeg un un a thrigain 62 chwedeg dau dau a thrigain 63 chwedeg tri tri a thrigain 64 chwedeg pedwar pedwar ar thrigain 65 chwedeg pump pump a thrigain 66 chwedeg chwech chwech a thrigain 67 chwedeg saith saith a thrigain 68 chwedeg wyth with a thrigain 69 chwedeg naw naw a thrigain 70 saithdeg deg a thrigain 71 saithdeg un un ar ddeg a thrigain 72 saithdeg dau deuddeg a thrigain 73 saithdeg tri tri ar ddeg a thrigain 74 saithdeg pedwar pedwar ar ddeg a thrigain 75 saithdeg pump pymtheg a thrigain 76 saithdeg chwech un ar bymtheg a thrigain 77 saithdeg saith dau ar bymtheg a thrigain 78 saithdeg wyth deunaw a thrigain 79 saithdeg naw pedwar a bymtheg a thrigain 80 wythdeg pedwar ugain 81 wythdeg un un a phedwar ugain 82 wythdeg dau dau a phedwar ugain 83 wythdeg tri tri a phedwar ugain 84 wythdeg pedwar pedwar a phedwar ugain 85 wythdeg pump pump a phedwar ugain 86 wythdeg chwech chwech a phedwar ugain 87 wythdeg saith saith a phedwar ugain 88 wythdeg wyth wyth a phedwar ugain 89 wythdeg naw naw a phedar ugain 90 nawdeg deg a phedwar ugain 91 nawdeg un un ar ddeg a phedwar ugain 92 nawdeg dau deuddeg a phedwar ugain 93 nawdeg tri tri ar ddeg a phedwar ugain 94 nawdeg pedwar pedwar ar ddeg a phedwar ugain 95 nawdeg pump pymtheg a phedwar ugain 96 nawdeg chwech un ar bymtheg a phedwar ugain 97 nawdeg saith dau ar bymtheg a phwedwar ugain 98 nawdeg wyth deunaw a phedwar ugain 99 nawdeg naw pedwar ar bymtheg ar bedwar hugain /cant namyn un 100 cant (cannoedd) canfed 101 cant ac un 102 cant a dau 120 cant dauddeg cant ac ugain 200 dau gant 300 tri chant 400 pedwar cant 500 pum cant 600 chwe chant 700 saith cant 800 wyth cant 900 naw cant 1,000 mil (miloedd) milfed 1,000,000 miliwn (miliynau) miliynfed 1000,000,000 biliwn (biliynau) biliynfed Fractions half hanner (haneri) third traean two thirds dau draean quarter chwater, (-i) two quarters dau chwater three quarters tri chwater fifth pumed two fifths dau bumed three fifths tri phumed four fifths pedar pumed six chweched two sixths dau chweched etc.